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1045
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The princess-abbess of the convent ‘Fraumünster’ was given the right to organise a market, to impose taxes and to mint the coinage for Zurich. Zurich was therefore de facto governed by the princess-abbess.
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1100
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Beginning of the construction of the new cathedral ‘Gross-
münster’. It was completed in 1220.
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1218
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The last Duke of Zähringen, formal holder of the fief of Zurich, died. Zurich become a territory of the Holy Roman Empire under Frederic II and was henceforth subject to the emperor.
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um 1220
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The citizens of Zurich gained more and more political and economic influence. Demolition of the Carolingian palatinate fortified house on the ‘Lindenhof’. Construction of the first town hall and a second bridge over the river ‘Limmat’ between the ‘Wasserkirche’ and the convent ‘Fraumünster’.
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1229
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Foundation of the monastery of the Dominican order (Pre-
diger).
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1230
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The town walls of Zurich were mentioned for the first time. Contrary to previous assumptions, Zurich wasn’t surrounded by a town wall until the end of the 12th century.
The town walls were built by the citizens and enclosed an area of some 0.38 square km. On the right bank of the river Limmat, there were 2 parallel walls, which were nearly 7 meters high and about 1250 meters long. Between the 2 walls there was a dry moat which was roughly 10 meters wide. On the left bank of the river Limmat, there was a single wall, which was about 1150 meters long with a water-filled moat on the outer side. The walls on the left and right banks of the river had several square towers, which were up to 5 meters in height.
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1240
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Foundation of the monastery of the Franciscan order (Bar-
füsser).
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1270
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Foundation of the monastery of the Augustine order.
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1291
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King Rudolf II of Hapsburg died.
Foundation of the Swiss confederation by the cantons of ‘Uri’, ‘Schwyz’ and ‘Unterwalden’.
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1292
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Duke Albrecht of Hapsburg besieged Zurich without success.
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1300
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The poetry of the nobleman ‘Rüdiger Manesse’ and of other minnesingers was collected in what is known as the Manesse manuscript (Codex Pal. Germ. 848, University of Heidelberg).
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THE PRECEDING HISTORICAL PERIOD
THE NEXT HISTORICAL PERIOD
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